Per mutation-lock



(Model.)

0. E. PILLARD.

PERMUTATION LOOK.

NO. 270,114.l

Patented Jan. 2,1883.

y/fmwjMa/m? 4UNITED STATES lPATENT OFFICE oLivnR E. PILLARD, orCAMBRIDGE, MAssAoiaUsnrTs.

PERMUTATlON-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,114, dated January2,1883. Application filed November 16, 1881. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, 4OLIVER E. PILLARD, of Cambridge, in the county ot'Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Combination-Locks, of which the following is aspecili` cation. l

My invention relates to improvements in combination-locks in which theordinary index-mark for unlocking is also used to set the tumblers bywhen the combination is changed, the latch being held up out of theslots in the tumblers by means of special mechanism hereinafterdescribed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of my lock,the plane of section being just inside of the inner surface of thecap-plate, thereby leaving the main portions of the lock shown inelevationw Fig. 2is a like view with the parts thrown into a differentposition. Fig. 3 shows an elevation of the bolt, the latch, and a slidefor holding up the latch instead of the lever. Fig. 4 is an elevation.of the tumblers and `loose talon with the cam removed. Fig. 5 isa viewof the. in-

' side ot' the cam, and Fig. 6 shows a niodiied form of lever forlifting the latch.

All of the parts of my lock except the mechanism for holding up thelatch are old when separately considered, although I have combined themdifferently from any prior device.

A designates the bolt; B, the latch pivoted thereto; C, thewrenchchanging tumblers, and D the cam forthrowing the bolt. The latch Bhas a transverse arm for falling into the slots in the tumblers, wherebysaid tum-- blers move with the bolt A.

`Between the cam D and the tumblers G isV an ordinary loose talon, a,Fig. 4, which is allowed only a limited movement, whereby I am enabledto employ a full graduated dial. This loose talon is also indicated inits proper position by broken linesupon the inside of 4the Vcam D inFig. 5, and the shoulders 1 2 on the inside of said cam constitute themeans for limiting the movement-of said talon. Sometimes the combinationis so set as to require one and a fraction reverse revolution ot' thecam after setting the tumblers in order to bring the cam into positionfor the latch to cient to throw the bolt without disturbing the lasttumbler, so as to get its slot out from under the latch.

I believe that this is-the first wrenchchang ing combination-lock havingthe loose talon in which the tumblers move back with the bolt. Ordinarywrench-chan gin g combination-locks for use in changing the combinationand the other for use in unlocking. The former is set oft' a little toone side, so as to bring the slots in the tumblers to one side whilesetting the combination, and thereby cause the edge of the tumblers tohold up the latch out of contact with the cam. These two index-marks areobjectionable, because those who use the unlockingindex day after dayare very liable to forget when they are changing the combination and setpart or all ofthe tumblers by the unlocking index-mark, thereby causingmuch trouble. I overcome this objection by doing away with the secondindex-mark, and set the combination by the same index-mark that is-.used for unlocking, and consequently makeup the new combination whenthe slots in the tumblers are all directly under the arm of the latch B,as' shown in Fig. 1.

In order to set up the combination with the slots of the tumblers underthe arm of the latch, it is necessary that the latch be held up outofvengagement with vthe cam D. This I accomplish by means of a curvedlever, E, pivoted by pin or screw b to the inside oli' the cap plate,(only those portions ofthe cap-plate are shown which project into thecase beyond the plane of sectiom) which lever is acted npon by theWrench or key cto throwits upper end upl ward against the pin d on thelatch and to hold the latch up, as shown in Fig. l. The key or wrenchhole in the cap is located di rectly below the axis ofthe tumblers, andhas by the side of it an inward projection or stop, c, to limit themotion ot' the wrench and cause it to be turned only in the properdirection. When the wrench is withdrawn from the lock the lever falls ofits own weight until stopped bythe stop f. The tumblers are in theV formof a wheel within a wheel, fastened together .so as to move as one,except in changing the combination, when they are loosened by means 105The term wrench-changing tumblerfloek have two index-marks upon thedial-ring-one IOO . and tightened thereon by means of a wrench orkey'inserted through holes in said tumblers. In my lock, when the holesin the tumblers are in line with the wrench-hole in the cap- 'h h, so asto move vertically.

plate and the wrench c is inserted therein, the slots in the tumblersare all under the arm of the` latch, said arm being indicated 'by thebroken lines in Figs. 1 and 2, which surround the pin d.

The wrench c is provided with a side wing or bit, g, at a point which,when the wrench is fully inserted, is just inside ofthe cap-plate andopposite the short arm of the lever. This bit g projects downward whenthe wrench is being inserted, after which it is turned a halt'-revolntion into the position in which it is represented in Fig. 1, indoing w-hich the square portion of the wrench releases the inner wheelof each tumbler as in other locks, and the wrench-bit g acts upon thecurved lever to throw it and the latch up out of the slots .in thetumblers and to hold it up until the key is -turnedback to lock thetumblers. When the latch is thus held up by the curved lever and key thedial and tnmblers aretnrned to set up the combination, using the sameindex-mark that isv used for unlocking, thereby avoiding all confusionand all tendency to make mistakes. When the wrench is withdrawn thecurved lever falls out of the way of the latch, as shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 3 I have. represented a slide, F, which may be employed as anequivalent for the curved lever E. This slide is bolted or screwed tothe inside of the cap-plate by screws It is lifted by the wrench-bit g,and its upper end acts upon the pin d of the latch in the manner and forthe purpose before described. As shown, however, it is necessary to makethe wrenchbit a little longer than when the curved lever is employed, inorder to raise the latch to the same height. In both of these devicesthe mechanism for holding the latch up out oi' the slots in theltumblers is secured to the inside of the capfplate, and takes off withsaid plate. In Fig. 6 I have shown another equivalent mechanism for thesame purpose, which is designed to be secured to the case proper back ofthe tumblers. This consists of a pivoted curved 1ever-or arm, G, havingits axis in direct line with thewrench-hole in the cap-plate. A loosetalon, t', having a square wrench-hole in the center of its hub, isplaced in the end of arm G, concentrically with the axis ot said arm. .Acurved slot, It, is made in the arm G,

through which a. screw, m, is passed into the lock-case to steady saidarm. When the square end of the Wrench is passed through the tumblers itenters. the square hole in the loose talon i. The wrench is turned ahalf-revolutionin the direction indicated by the curved dart, and assoon asthe talon engages the shoulder fn. it carries the lever with itand throws the upper outside edge of its hooked end under the'pin d, tolift and hold up the latch while the combination is being set up, asbefore'described. After the combination is made up the wrench is turnedin the reverse direction to lock the tumblers, and the arm falls intothe position represented'in Fig. 6, out of the way of the latch.

In case it is desirable to turn the wrench or key in the oppositedirection from that indicated in Fig. Git is only necessary to place thelever G on the case the other side up.

Having shown three different forms ot' mechanism for lifting and holdingup the latch While the combination is being made up, I shall hereinafterrefer to the same under the general term ot"latch lifting and holdingmechanism.77

I claim as my invention- I. A permutation-lock having a latch forengaging the slots in the tumblers, and whose tumhlers consist-of aninner hub and an outer rim 4adjustable on said hub, in combination with,latch lifting and holding mechanism to hold up the latch while thecombination is being made 'up with the slots in the tumbler-s under thearm of the latch', substantially as described, and for the purposespecified.l

2. The combination of the slotted tumblers, the bolt, the latch pivotedto said bolt so that the tumblers move back With the bolt, and latchlifting and holding mechanism acting upon the latch, substantially' asdescribed, and for the purpose specied.

3. The combination of the tumblers, the bolt,

the latch having the pin d, and latch lifting and holding mechanismoperated bythe tumbler-wrench to act upon the pin d, substantially asdescribed, and for the purpose specilied.

. 4. The combination of the cam D, tu'mblers C, bolt A, latch B, andlatch lifting and holding mechanism acting upon the latch to hold it outof engagement with the tumblers and cam, substantially as described, andfor the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the cam D,loose talon a, tumblers C, bolt A, latchB, and latch liftingand holding mechanism acting upon the latch whilethe combination is being made up with the slots of the tumblers underthe arm of thelatch, substantially as described, and for the purposespecified.

6. The combination ot' the slotted tumblers, consisting of an inner huband outer rimv adjustable on said hub, the bolt-A, the latch piv.

oted to said bolt, whereby the tumblers are caused to move back with thebolt, the cam' OLIVER E. PILLARD.-

Witnesses:

HENRY R. BRIGHAM, CRAs. P. GoaELY.

IIO

